Отправлено 14 Август 2007 - 11:53
RTO Procedures (Radio Telephone Operator)
· Decide and agree to a primary and secondary frequency. Make sure none of the radios end up on a sub channel (unless everyone is)
· Always conduct a commo check before departure with all elements. Use this as an opportunity to use good RTO procedures and to be sure all units know their call sign and yours and that they are identifying themselves and who they are calling with each transmission.
· Controller should have communications with both teams and conduct a commo check prior to commencing games.
· Maintaining Control of the scenario should not require radio communications (Have a back up set of signals for game control. (Whistles or auto horns, Cell phones?)
· Obviously only one person can talk at a time
· Begin your transmission by identifying who you are calling followed by who you are. “Panther three, this is Panther six, over.”
· Indicate clearly that you have ended your transmission with one of the following: “Over” (you require a response) or “Out” (transmission is terminated you do not require or expect a reply) Over and Out is fine for movies but not true RTO procedure as it’s redundant.
· If you did not understand the full transmission ask them to “Say again last transmission” or “Negative roger on your last transmission.” Refrain from asking them to “Repeat” as that is a term used exclusively when directing artillery and mortars! When doing so state “I say again…”That way you don’t have to say “Wilco” prior to retransmitting.
· Speak slowly and use phonetic alphabet in place of letter designations
· If you can’t speak due to the closeness of enemy forces use a series of squelch breaks. Two breaks of squelch means you heard the transmission but can’t reply. Three breaks of squelch in short sequence means you will comply but can’t speak.
· If you want to know what is going on with another element request a situation report by simply saying: Dakota 5, this is Dakota 6, sit rep over.”
· If nothing is going on and you are stationary simply say: “Dakota six this is Dakota 5, sit rep negative. If you are in motion let them know your location using predetermined phase lines.
· “Dakota six this is Dakota five we have crossed phase line green and are 150 yards short of Lion from approximately an 11:00 position.
· Base may request a situation report from all elements. “This is Dakota six to all Dakota elements. Sit Rep over.” All elements should report in numerical sequence “Dakota six this is Dakota one, sit rep negative.” “Dakota Six this is Dakota Two sit rep negative.” Dakota Six this is Dakota Three we have crossed phase line pink and are closing on Tiger currently 200 yards short from 3 o’clock direction. “Dakota six this is Dakota seven we have secured the Papa Zulu.” No response request is assumed so they don’t end with “Out” Have a clock designation pre agreed upon, relative to the objective. Use a predetermined point usually the starting point or ORP position serve as a 12:00 reference point. Have key ground locations identified with some kind of code. (Phase lines and boundaries) As before two squelch breaks without transmission means you heard the transmission but are too close to enemy positions to reply. If the reports are sent in sequence base will know which element is in contact with the enemy.
Radio Terminology
1. “Mikes” (refers to minutes).
2. “Charlie Mike” means (continue the mission.)
3. “Lima Zulu” refers to the (Line of Departure).
4. Papa Zulu- (Pick up Zone),
5. Lima Zulu-(Landing Zone).
6. “Package” refers to the (mission)
EXAMPLE: (“Goose six this is Sparrow three, package is secure and we are seven mikes from the Papa Zulu, over.”
7. “Oscar Romeo Papa is the (Objective Rally Point)
8. "Roger” means you (understood the transmission).
9. “Wilco” means you (will comply).
10. “Affirmative” means (yes)
11. “Negative” means (no).
12. Six almost always designates the (element leader)
13. Typically back at base or in the control chopper)
14. An important message is usually positioned as such with the phrase “Be advised…”
15. Tango Sierra (Out’ta luck)
16. “Ten for Ten” (Hear you perfectly)
17. The military does not refer to your location as your “20”
18. They don’t use expressions like “Breaker breaker.”
19. “Kilo India Alphas refer to (fatal casualties)
20. Whiskey India Alphas are non-fatal casualties.
21. “Blue on Blue” or Bravo on Bravo refers to friendly fire).
22. Everyone on a given frequency are referred to as the net.
23. When transmitting a vital message like key enemy dispositions, debrief information that doesn’t need to be secure like mission results or observations. Changes in plans etc. The caller should begin the transmission (after identifying who you’re calling and who you are) with the statement “Critical message follows.”
24. If a unit states “Critical message follows…” all units must totally refrain from interrupting the transmission. Always good advice when someone is transmitting but something to be even more mindful of using if you want to be sure the net audience listens.
25. Always end your transmission with “Over” as you DO WANT the listener to acknowledge receipt of the message. 26. “Whiskey Papa” is (White Phosphorose rounds)
27. Hotel Echo is (High Explosive)
28. “Victor Tango” is (Airburst rounds)
29. Requests for air power strikes or indirect fire requests should start with “Fire Mission, Over.” “AIRSTRIKE Over”. (After identifying who you are calling and who you are) EXAMPLE: “Baker three this is Dakota Two, Fire Mission Over.” Dakota Two this is Baker Three Over. Baker three this is Dakota Two requesting one round Whiskey Papa on bunker formation at Grid Coordinates 31035900. Over. “Dakota Two Wilco Out.”
30. When the indirect fire mission has commenced the unit should announce that the mission is underway by saying. “Dakota Two this is Baker Three One round Whiskey Papa SHOT OUT Over.” Baker three this is Dakota Two Roger Out.
31. When a conversation is intimate (others aren’t on the net) Mutual Identities between parties is not as critical but sender should identify EXAMPLE “This is Dakota Two Roger out.”
32. If the party requesting the Fire mission intends to direct it they should state “WILL ADJUST”
Phonetic Alphabet
A Alpha (Able)
B Bravo (Baker)
C Charlie
D Delta (Dog)
E Echo (Easy)
G Golf (Green)
H Hotel
I India
J Juliet
K Kilo
M Mike
N November
O Oscar
P Papa
Q Quebec
R Romeo
S Sierra
T Tango
U Uniform
V Victor
W Wiskey
X X-Ray
Y Yankee
Z Zulu
Sample Call Signs
Goose - Pantera - Lion
Swan - Ferrari - Leopard
Ostrich - Lamborghini - Tiger
Sparrow - Fiat - Cougar
Oregon - Rook - Cherokee
Dakota - Pawn - Crow
California - Bishop - Sioux
Idaho - Queen - Arapaho
Typical patrol elements: Assault element usually #1, , Support (Base of fire) Usually #2, Security #7& higher. Headquarters or Base usually #6. Helicopter support, Artillery Assets, Air cover. Typically have a different Call sign.
Key Things to Have Codes For:
Terrain Features
Objectives
Rally Points
Primary and Alternate Landing and Pick-up Zones
Boundaries
Supporting Units
Codes that become standard SOPs within units
Directions (South, East, West, North) Key orders (Withdraw, Attack, Initiate Contact, Hold Your Fire, Create a Distraction, Move Rapidly, Recon by Fire, Switch to Alternate Frequency, Go to Alternate Pick-up Zone.
Tips for Effective Radio Transmission
· Transmission is aided by open terrain and high ground.
· Hold Antenna upright with antenna extension if possible.
· Speak slowly
· Listen for other transmissions before transmitting
· Hesitate a split second after pressing your talk button before transmitting.
· Assume they won’t know who you’re calling or who you are with each transmission unless you’re sure they’ll know.
· On critical transmissions where you don’t hear a reply and you think the receiver may hear the transmission from your location but not the sender you may be a relay station.
· EXAMPLE: Dakota Three this is Dakota Seven I relay again transmission from Dakota Six, Requesting you execute a plan Whiskey Whiskey Over.”
· In this case the receiver should identify both parties that they heard and themselves when responding.
· EXAMPLE: “Dakota Seven and Dakota Six, this is Dakota Three, I received your relay, Wilco out.”
· If they only heard Dakota Seven and Not Dakota Six they should say: Dakota Seven this is Dakota Three please relay to Dakota Six, Wilco Out.
· Dakota Seven would then call Dakota Six and inform them that they were serving as a relay station.
EXAMPLE: Dakota Six this is Dakota Seven Be advised I am serving as a relay station for Dakota Three Over.” “Dakota Seven, Dakota Six, Roger Out.”
· If you are transmitting and lose your train of thought or need to look at something up before finishing state “ WAIT OUT.” In this case the net isn’t tied up and the receiver knows to expect a follow-up finishing transmission later.
· Fresh and spare batteries should be on hand for all radios and operators should be fully versed on their use and have fairly proper radio procedures before using them in games.
Radios are a great asset in all Mil Sims and when used properly are both functional and add greatly to the Mil Sim experience. Like in real military situations they are sporadically functional and Murphy’s law states they will go out when critically needed. This too adds to the realism. Have an alternate means to communicate and insure that you’re plan does not rely entirely on them.
REMF is retired infantry captain (airborne, ranger and recondo qualified) who first got into airsoft 16 years ago. He now spends his freetime playing airsoft with his son.